Molarity of Ions Example Problem

This example problem demonstrates how to calculate the molarity of ions in an aqueous solution. Molarity is a concentration in terms of moles per liter of solution. Because an ionic compound dissociates into its components cations and anions in solution, the key to the problem is identifying how many moles of ions are produced during dissolution. Molar Concentration of Ions Problem A solution is prepared by dissolving 9.82 grams of copper chloride (CuCl2) in enough water to make 600 milliliters of solution. What is the molarity of the Cl  ions in the solution? Solution To find the molarity of the ions, first determine the molarity of the solute and the ion-to-solute ratio. Step 1: Find the molarity of the solute. From the periodic table: Atomic mass of Cu 63.55Atomic mass of Cl 35.45Atomic mass of CuCl2 1(63.55) 2(35.45)Atomic mass of CuCl2 63.55 70.9 Atomic mass of CuCl2 134.45 g/mol Number of moles of CuCl2 9.82 g x 1 mol/134.45 gNumber of moles of CuCl2 0.07 molMsolute Number of moles of CuCl2/VolumeMsolute 0.07 mol/(600 mL x 1 L/1000 mL)Msolute 0.07 mol/0.600 LMsolute 0.12 mol/L Step 2:  Find the ion-to-solute ratio. CuCl2 dissociates by the reaction CuCl2 → Cu2 2Cl- Ion/solute Number of moles of Cl-/number of moles of CuCl2Ion/solute 2 moles of Cl-/1 mole CuCl2 Step 3:  Find the  ion molarity. M of Cl- M of CuCl2 x ion/soluteM of Cl- 0.12 moles CuCl2/L x 2 moles of Cl-/1 mole CuCl2M of Cl- 0.24 moles of Cl-/LM of Cl- 0.24 M Answer The molarity of the Cl  ions in the solution is 0.24 M. A Note About Solubility While this calculation is straightforward when an ionic compound completely dissolves in solution, its a bit trickier when a substance is only partially soluble. You set up the problem the same way but then multiply the answer by the fraction that dissolves.

Critical Thinking and Discussion Student Observation

The Reading Assignment This week’s reading assignment fittingly focused on critical thinking beyond the assigned text, and course. It expressed the type of critical thinker you can become is completely dependent on your beliefs and willingness to abandon them to go outside your own realm of comfort. It also expresses the belief that although you should go outside our comfort zone, there is still a requirement to learn new words and established facts and ideas. This course began with assignments which allowed us to learn the structure of argument but as we’ve progressed it has become less about the rigid structure but critical thinking and analysis. We have examined news articles, research articles, and popular television programs to see while the rules of arguments and critical thinking are all around us if we allow ourselves to be open to it. I plan to continue using the tools from this course and allow myself to be opened to different situations and persons to observe how both good argument s are made and critical thinkers arrive at their decisions. Discussion Questions and Class Discussion This week’s Discussion topic revolved around critical thinking and its relation to logic. I was surprise to learn that logic was a language; I always knew that math was a language built on language. I was however surprise to see that logic was considered a language of its own. From this and the early readings I’ve come to the conclusion that critical thinking is the expressionShow MoreRelatedCreating A Udl Instructional Plan1546 Words   |  7 Pagesfocus on reading, identifying rhyming words and identifying the vocabularies in the reading text. The fists fifteen minutes will be guided instruction, the next thirty-five minutes will focus on group discussions, and collaboration. The next fifteen minutes will be presentation of the groups. Students and the instructor will use the rest of the time for independent practice, assessment and feedback. ï‚ § Lesson Description for Day The content for today s lesson is reading the provided reading materialRead MoreHow Male And Female Students Use Language Differently875 Words   |  4 Pagesexperience, ethos, and comparison, venerated Georgetown linguistics professor Deborah Tannen persuaded me to concede with her argument that males and females communicate differently in the classroom, as indicated in her 1991 article How Male and Female Students Use Language Differently. In this composition, she emphasizes that because of intersexual differences in utilizing the spoken word in class differently, instructors, including herself, consider reevaluating their teaching strategies. In her caseRead MoreProfessional Development Training Framework For Students1343 Words   |  6 Pagesindependent school teachers, community leaders and parents. Our goal is to provide seamless support on an ongoing basis to ensure the success of WRiTE BRAiN in your school or program. Our educational services are customized to the needs of your class and students. We offer an innovative, easily implemented curricula and professional development program to sustain and inspire educators throughout the authoring process. Our trainings include a hands-on, interactive overview of the WRiTE BRAiN BOOKS programRead MoreA Reflection On The Assessment Of Leadership And Collaboration1666 Words   |  7 Pagesin styles of their practices, but both educators want to achieve the same goal with their students. Mr. Cornutt from Saks High School likes to practice open class discussions with his students and wants the students to feel comfortable explaining their personal observations in a public setting. Mrs. Morgan from White Plains High School practices more hands on teaching with her students to guide the students through their progress. The two educators use their personalities and styles of teaching toRead MoreThe Goal Of Anticipation Guide Strategy842 Words   |  4 PagesAll of my observation hours were spent observing morning routines, ELA workshop, and math lesson. After having students copying homework as part of the morning routines, either of the teachers would call on students by the designated row to come and sit on the carpet for the reading workshop. The teachers would use anticipation guide strategy while leading the activity. They would begin the lesson by introducing the text to the students. Before reading a selection, the students were provided withRead More2016 Teaching Portfolio : Erin Link Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pageswith autism, and a supervisory teaching role in a community college lab preschool program. Each of these contexts provided me with the skills and desire to pursue teaching students in higher education. These include most importantly; setting high expectations, engaging in reflective teaching processes, and dedication to student success. At Copper Mountain College, my teaching responsibilities have included the following: Adjunct Professor, Child Development I have served as an adjunct professorRead MoreImplications for Today’s Online Educators Essay1339 Words   |  6 Pagesconsider the use of discussion boards as a technique to promote critical thinking. Asynchronous online discussions are an important communication tool for distance education (Bai, 2009). Many researchers agree that asynchronous discussions encourage reflective learning, in-depth thinking and meaningful processing of information (Bai, 2009; Black, 2005; Dixson, Kuhlhorst Reiff, 2006; Gilbert Dabbagh, 2005; Hara, Bonk Angeli, 2000). However, the actual quality of these discussions has become a majorRead MoreMy Teaching Toolbox.. Educ 6513: Teaching Adult Learners.1101 Words   |  5 Pagesmy practical teaching experience, and further developed as a master of education student who has the advantage of learning and discussing the most recent literature about education and methodology. I found that I completely agree with, Brookfield’s explanation and understanding of skillful teaching. Throughout his book, Brookfield, (2015) mentioned four assumptions of skillful teaching which included helping students learn, adopting a critically reflective stance towards teaching practice, awarenessRead MoreInterviewing And Conferencing As An Assessment819 Words   |  4 Pagesresponse to learning. The teacher gathers information while interpreting the evidence in trying to understand and make judgments about the student learning. In presenting assessment to the students, the student has verbalized their knowledge on what they have just learned, organize their thoughts and present it out in the summary. The need for assessing the student aims at understanding what they learned in the classroom and using the gathered information to develop and model an instruction method thatRead MoreEducation Is The Fundamental Beginning That Shapes An Individual For The Rest Of Their Lives1469 Words   |  6 Pageswholeheartedly pursued and genuinely soug ht after. But education itself, is a two-way avenue. A willing and eager student can only learn when there is an effective teacher. A teacher that is equipped with the necessary tools and skills to effectively present the knowledge. Behind every good teacher is a guiding set of principles that drive them and influence how they present the material, and what students are taught. Methods of teaching are constantly changing and many ideas of what makes a successful learning

Congestive heart failure free essay sample

Heart Failure: failure of the cardiac muscle to pump blood to meet the body’s metabolic needs CHF is a complication that can result from problems such as cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, endocarditis, Acute MI Left-sided failure pulmonary congestion dyspnea, Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea Pulmonary edema, rales (crackles) cough ? blood-tinged, frothy sputum restlessness tachycardia S-3 gallop orthopnea pleural effusion Cheyne-Stokes respirations Decreased renal function ? elevated BUN Changes in mental status Fatigue, muscle weakness Right-sided failure (cor pulmonale) enlarged organs Dependent edema (ankle, lower extremities) Edema Weight gain Distended neck vein Liver enlargement and abdominal pain Anorexia, nausea, bloating Anxiety, fear, depression Ascites THINK: Systolic: heart can’t contract and eject Diastolic: ventricles can’t relax and fill Plan/ Implementation 1. Administer cardiac glycosides a. Digitalis (e. g. , digoxin)— fundamental drug in the treatment of heart failure, especially when associated with low cardiac output  b. Two categories of dosages 1) Digitalizing or loading dose— aimed at administering the drug in divided dosages over a period of 24 hours until an â€Å"optimum† cardiac effect is reached 2) Maintenance dose— patient placed on this dose after digitalization; smaller in amount and designed to replace the digitalis lost by excretion while maintaining â€Å"optimal† cardiac functioning 2. g. , pulmonary embolism, infection, anemia, pregnancy, drug use or abuse, fluid over load, arrhythmia, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathies, congenital heart disease) . . The New York Heart Association (NYHA) developed a classification system, still used today to quantify the functional limitations of CHF patients. The NYHA classes are as follows: a)Class I : Degree of effort necessary to elicit CHF symptoms equals those that would limit normal individuals. b)Class II: Degree of effort necessary to elicit CHF symptoms occurs with ordinary exertion. c)Class III : Degree of effort necessary to elicit CHF symptoms occurs with less- than ordinary d)exertion. e)Class IV. Degree of effort necessary to elicit CHF symptoms occurs while at rest. Substances That May Exacerbate Heart Failure; Promote Sodium RetentionProduce Osmotic EffectDecrease Contractility Androgens Albumin Antiarrhythmic agents (e. g. , disopyramide, flecainide, quinidine) CorticosteroidsGlucose DiazoxideMannitol? -adrenergic blockers Estrogens Saline Select calcium channel blockers (e. g. , diltiazem, nifedipine, verapamil) LicoriceUrea Lithium carbonate amphetamines) Direct cardiotoxins (e. g. , doxorubicin, ethanol, cocaine) NSAIDsTricyclic antidepressants Treatment goals. CCHF requires a two-pronged therapeutic approach, the overal l goals of which are; 1. To remove or mitigate the underlying causes or risk factors; For example, by eliminating ingest ion of certain drugs or other substances that can produce or exacerbate CHF or by correcting an anemic syndrome, which can increase cardiac demands (Table 42-3) . In addition, modify risk factors that can cause cardiac injury by treating hypertension and diabetes; managing atherosclerotic disease; and controlling smoking, alcohol, and illicit drug use. 2. To relieve the symptoms and improve pump function by: a)Reducing metabolic demands through rest, relaxation, and pharmaceutical ontrols b)Reducing fluid volume excess through dietary and pharmaceutical controls c)Administering a combination of diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) ? -adrenergic blockers, and angiotensin- receptor blockers (ARBs) d)Promoting patient compliance and self regulation through education e)Selecting appropriate patients for cardiac transplantation Stages of CHF Based on Evolution and Progression of Clinical Findings And Approach to CCHF At Risk for Heart FailureHeart Failure Stage A Stage B Stage C Stage D PatientsPatients at high risk of developing CHF because of presence of onditions that are strongly associated with development of condition; such patients have no identified structural or functional abnormalities of the pericardium, myocardium, or cardiac valves and have never shown signs or symptoms of CHFPatients who have developed Structural heart disease that is strongly associated with development of CHF but who have never shown signs or symptoms of the conditionPatients who have structural heart disease with current or prior symptoms of CHFPatients with refractory CHF who require specialized interventions GoalsTreat hypertensionSame as stage ASame as stage ASame as stage.

A Proposed Computerized Payroll System free essay sample

People now are said to be living in a computer based society which almost all means of tasks are controlled by electronic software. Different groups and organizations must cope with methods toward modernization the reason why institutions keep up with standards of distinction adopting measures and programs suited to the level and their nature. There are many ways to perform particular system but some might be better than the others. With the advent of the computer age, a substantial number of industries developed the task of converting information that existed in a traditional form (example: on paper) into a computer-readable format. The rapid spread of computer programmers and information technology has generated a need for different institutions to design and develop new hardware and software systems and incorporate new technologies. As a person living in what is now called the â€Å"Computer age† computers are not just passing fad. Government, School, Companies even organizations are depending on computers. We will write a custom essay sample on A Proposed Computerized Payroll System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To use computer efficiently, one or most of the people must become literate and computer competent. Payroll System is done with a purpose of computing the salaries of the employees and monitoring the time in and time out of each employee. In Payroll System software should start with a process of identifying the individual needs the software product must meet. HISTORCAL BACKGROUND SAN ROQUE, STO. TOMAS BATANGAS, PHILIPPINES TEL #: (043) 784-85-35 EMAIL: [emailprotected] com In the year 2000, VIE was founded by young Businessman, All engineers whose collective experience and expertise in the field technical services, engineering supports and costumer services in the PCBA, semi-conductors and electronics industry has made the company at part on it competitions. Vestech industrial Enterprises manufactured quality machine, consumable parts, jigs fixture and fabricates production racks, tables, and all types of fabrication for PBCA and semi-conductors industries. Our 1,500 sq. meter facility is located at San Roque, Sto. Tomas, Batangas a very strategic place to serve the electronic manufacturing companies, fabrication and machining requirements and needs. GENERAL OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to help the VESTECH INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES to have an efficient and effective way of monitoring their employee’s time keeping and payroll system to give a higher quality of service. 1. ) Accuracy of computing salaries. 2. ) Loss of data entries. 3. ) Waste of time reviewing daily time records manually. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: 1. ) To accurate the computing of salaries. 2. ) To avoid loss of data entries. 3. ) To lessen the waste of time reviewing daily time records manually. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS: The proposed system time keeping and Payroll System for VESTECH INDUATRIAL ENTERPRISES covers many aspects of time keeping and Payroll process. This includes the capture of information based on the employee’s work schedule, daily time worked and daily time rendered. The payroll process encompasses all activities necessary to report employee’s time worked. The system will convert the current company’s time keeping and payroll into Visual Basic Program. The system will have a file management where it covers the records of employee and system transaction log. The system also covers the Payroll Processing and Reporting which includes the pay calculation of salary slip and time off tracking. The system will have a report consist of summary of time sheet, summary of Payroll Computation, Summary of Tax Refund and 13th Month Pay, Withholding Tax, SSS and Pag-IBIG Contributions.